AL HB513

Amends Section 13A-5-13 of the Alabama Code to add sexual orientation and gender identity or expression to the list of protected characteristics in hate crimes statutes.

Establishes enhanced criminal penalties when a crime is motivated by the victim's actual or perceived sexual orientation or gender identity or expression, equivalent to penalties for crimes motivated by race, color, religion, national origin, ethnicity, or disability.

For felonies motivated by sexual orientation or gender identity, requires minimum sentences of 15 years for Class A felonies, 10 years for Class B felonies, and 2 years for Class C felonies.

For misdemeanors motivated by sexual orientation or gender identity, requires sentencing as a Class A misdemeanor with a minimum of 3 months imprisonment.

Defines "sexual orientation" as heterosexuality, homosexuality, or bisexuality and becomes effective on the first day of the third month following passage and gubernatorial approval.