AL HB291

Criminalizes distribution of AI-generated "materially deceptive media" (deepfakes) that falsely depict individuals engaging in speech or conduct they did not actually perform, with first offense a Class A misdemeanor and second offense within five years a Class D felony

Requires disclaimers for AI-manipulated media to avoid criminal liability, including visible text throughout videos stating the content depicts fabricated speech/conduct, spoken disclaimers at beginning and end of audio-only content, and citations to original source material

Exempts broadcasters, newspapers, internet service providers, and streaming platforms from liability if they lack actual knowledge the material is prohibited and don't intend to harm the depicted individual

Excludes satire/parody content that relies on human impersonation rather than AI technology, and protects news organizations reporting on deceptive media if they acknowledge authenticity questions

Authorizes the Attorney General or depicted individuals to seek permanent injunctive relief, with clear and convincing evidence standard required; effective October 1, 2026