MD HB1425

Prohibits using artificial intelligence or deepfake representations to impersonate another person with intent to defraud, mislead, or cause harm, or to create/distribute false records intended to harm others or obtain benefits

Defines "deepfake representation" as photographs, videos, audio recordings, or computer-generated images indistinguishable from an actual identifiable human being, excluding drawings, cartoons, sculptures, and paintings

Establishes felony penalties for AI/deepfake violations: up to 5 years imprisonment and/or $10,000 fine for one victim; up to 10 years and/or $15,000 fine for two or more victims

Creates a private right of action allowing victims of AI/deepfake fraud to bring civil lawsuits and seek injunctions against violators

Takes effect October 1, 2025 and amends Maryland Criminal Law Section 8-301 (existing identity fraud statute)