NC S576

Replaces the single e-bike definition with a three-class system: Class 1 (pedal-assist up to 20 mph), Class 2 (throttle-powered up to 20 mph), and Class 3 (pedal-assist up to 28 mph), all with motors limited to 750 watts

Permits e-bike operation on all roadways, bicycle lanes, and shared-use paths unless restricted by local governments

Requires riders and passengers under age 18 to wear federally-approved helmets when using Class 3 e-bikes

Grants cities and counties authority to restrict e-bike classes on multiuse paths, sidewalks, and trails; set speed limits on greenways; require helmets for minors on Class 1 and 2 e-bikes; and impose penalties for violations

Directs the Department of Transportation to develop educational materials on e-bike use and safety