NY S04790

Requires all purchasers of firearms, rifles, or shotguns to undergo a mental health evaluation and obtain approval before completing any sale, exchange, or disposal

Directs the Commissioner of Mental Health to establish an administrative evaluation process, including approved mental health professionals, standardized evaluation procedures, and a standardized approval/denial form

Eliminates the existing exemption that allowed firearm transfers between immediate family members (spouses, domestic partners, children, step-children) without going through a licensed dealer

Creates a new criminal offense for knowingly purchasing or selling a firearm, rifle, or shotgun without the required mental health evaluation approval

Allows individuals denied approval to purchase a firearm to seek de novo review through Article 78 proceedings in court

Takes effect 180 days after becoming law, with immediate authority for agencies to develop implementing regulations