US HB1920

Amends the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 to strengthen civil penalties for reporting violations to 5-25% of agricultural land value, publicly disclose names of violators, and require due diligence certification from all parties in farmland transactions

Creates a new Chief of Operations of Investigative Actions position at USDA to monitor compliance, investigate agricultural espionage and intellectual property theft by foreign entities, and coordinate with DOJ, FBI, DHS, and Treasury on enforcement

Expands Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) authority to review real estate purchases by foreign entities of concern exceeding $5,000,000 or 320 acres used for agriculture, energy extraction, or critical materials; adds Secretary of Agriculture and FDA Commissioner to CFIUS membership

Requires annual reports to Congress on agricultural land owned by covered foreign persons (China, Russia, state sponsors of terrorism) including national security risk assessments, threats to food security, and analysis of farm program costs supporting foreign-owned land

Prohibits foreign persons from participating in Farm Service Agency programs, mandates creation of a public database tracking foreign-owned agricultural land within 3 years, and authorizes $35 million for FY2026 plus $9 million annually through FY2030 for implementation