US HB5927

Amends the Defense Production Act of 1950 to allow the President to designate critical AI infrastructure projects as priority national defense projects, including data centers with 50+ megawatt electrical loads, dispatchable baseload power plants with 100+ megawatt capacity, and associated transmission and fuel supply infrastructure

Requires all federal agencies to conduct permit reviews concurrently and complete all necessary federal authorizations within 2 years of receiving a complete application, with the President resolving any inter-agency disputes

Limits judicial review to a 60-day filing window after designation or authorization, requires courts to issue final decisions within 60 days, and prohibits preliminary injunctions unless the action is found arbitrary, capricious, or contrary to law

Authorizes the President to exempt designated projects from new federal emissions limitations or operational requirements if continued operation is deemed necessary for national defense, and requires the U.S. to compensate facility owners for losses caused by post-designation federal regulatory changes

Makes eligible facilities available for Defense Production Act financial assistance including loans, loan guarantees, and purchase commitments covering up to 90% of project costs with maximum 30-year terms, with priority given to projects that can begin operation within 36 months