US HR454

House resolution expressing concern that Mexico's constitutional reforms, including judicial system changes enacted September 15, 2024, would negatively impact democratic institutions, separation of powers, judicial independence, and security

Mexico's judicial reforms require direct election of all federal judges including Supreme Court Justices, end independent oversight of the judiciary, and reduce judicial qualification standards

Additional Mexican constitutional reforms eliminated autonomous oversight institutions for energy, telecommunications, and antitrust enforcement (December 20, 2024) and imposed a prohibition on genetically modified corn (March 17, 2025)

Resolution warns the reforms may contradict USMCA commitments ahead of the agreement's first review in 2026, noting U.S.-Mexico trade exceeded $896 billion in 2023 and nearly 5 million U.S. jobs depend on Mexico trade

Expresses concern that reforms undermine joint U.S.-Mexico efforts to counter organized crime, fentanyl trafficking, and human and arms trafficking while reaffirming commitment to the bilateral relationship