US SB2439

Increases Medicare-funded residency positions by 14,000 over seven years (2,000 per year from fiscal years 2027-2033), amending Title XVIII of the Social Security Act

Reserves at least 10% of new positions for each of four priority hospital categories: rural hospitals, hospitals exceeding their current resident caps, hospitals in states with new medical schools (accredited since 2000), and hospitals serving health professional shortage areas

Caps individual hospitals at 75 additional residency positions during the seven-year period, with Secretary authority to increase the cap if demand is insufficient

Gives distribution priority to hospitals affiliated with historically Black medical schools (Howard, Meharry, Morehouse, Charles R. Drew, Xavier, and Maryland College of Osteopathic Medicine at Morgan State)

Requires the GAO to study and report to Congress within two years on strategies for increasing health workforce diversity, particularly among rural, lower-income, and underrepresented minority communities