US SB3852

Data centers with 20+ megawatt power demand must derive all energy from off-grid sources (captive power plants, on-site generation) beginning 180 days after enactment, with existing data centers given a 10-year transition period if they obtain a Zero Rate Effect Certificate

Zero Rate Effect Certificates, valid for 1 year, require Secretary of Energy study demonstrating the data center will not increase electrical rates for ratepayers, with residential ratepayers prioritized over commercial and industrial classes

Covered entities may satisfy certification requirements by paying Rate Effect Credits or other financial arrangements that offset impacts on ratepayer electricity costs

Violations carry civil penalties of at least $1,000,000 per day, and construction of off-grid power sources must use project labor agreements

Within 90 days, Secretary must establish public disclosure requirements for data center utility usage projections, real property acquisitions for data center development, and all utility service agreements including subsidies, tax benefits, and cost-sharing arrangements