VA HB1242

Requires all K-12 schools (public and Virginia High School League members) and higher education institutions (public and NCAA/NAIA/NJCAA members) to designate athletic teams as male, female, or coed based on biological sex

Prohibits students of male biological sex from participating on teams designated for females, women, or girls, with biological sex verified by a signed physician's statement

Creates a civil cause of action allowing schools and institutions to sue government entities, accrediting organizations, or athletic associations that take adverse action against them for maintaining sex-segregated teams

Grants students a private right to sue if they are deprived of athletic opportunities due to violations or face retaliation for reporting violations, with a two-year statute of limitations

Waives sovereign immunity for civil claims and entitles prevailing plaintiffs to monetary damages (including for psychological, emotional, or physical harm), attorney fees, and other relief