VA SB561

Requires Virginia public schools to provide "reasonable accommodations" such as single-occupancy bathrooms or employee facilities to students and staff who request greater privacy, but prohibits access to facilities designated for the opposite biological sex

Defines "sex" as biological sex determined at birth, as evidenced by a government-issued ID that matches the person's original birth certificate

Establishes a formal request and appeal process: written request to principal, appeal to school board within 15 days, and final appeal to an impartial hearing officer within specified timeframes

Creates a civil cause of action allowing students, teachers, employees, or parents to sue for injunctive relief and damages if someone encounters a member of the opposite sex in a multi-occupancy bathroom or changing facility, or is required to share sleeping quarters with a member of the opposite sex

Requires lawsuits to be filed within one year of the incident and exempts accommodations required under the Americans with Disabilities Act